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Operator एक symbol होते हैं , जो process / operation represent करते हैं करते हैं , या हम कह सकते हैं की Operators को कोई process / या operation को perform करने के लिए use करते हैं।
For Example -
int a = 7; int b = 89; // = is a assignment operator cout << a+b; // here + is arithmetic operator
ऊपर दिए गए example में आप देखा सकते हैं कि + (plus sign) Operator define की गयी दो values को add रहा है।
इसी तरह से C++ हमें different - different Operators provide कराती है different - different action perform करने के लिए। C++ में normally use होने वाले Operators कुछ इस प्रकार हैं -
Arithmetic Operators simple calculation में use होने wale Operators होते हैं जैसे Addition , Subtraction etc.
| Operator | Name | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | x+y | ( + ) plus operator uses to add two or more numbers / values |
| - | Subtraction | x-y | ( - ) minus operator uses to substract one numbers / values from another numbers / values or finds the difference |
| / | Division | x / y | quotient of x and y with decimal point. |
| * | multiplication | x * y | product of x and y |
| % | Modulus | x % y | remainder of operands |
Assignment Operator को equals to = से represent करते हैं , जो कि value को किसी variable में assign करने के लिए use किया जाता है। हालाँकि इसे Arithmetic Operators के साथ भी use करते हैं। नीचे दिए गए Example में आप देख सकते हैं।
| Operator | Name | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| = | Assign | x = y | value of y assigned to x |
| != | Assign | x = y | value of y assigned to x |
| += | Addition then Assign | x += y | First add and assign it to x. (It is same as x = x+y ) |
| - = | Subtract then Assign | x -= y | get the difference and assign it to x. (It is same as x = x-y ) |
| / = | Divide then assign quotient | x /= y | quotient of x and y then assign it to x . (It is same as x = x/y ) |
| * = | Multiplication then assign the product | x * =y | product of x and y then assign it to x. (It is same as x = x*y ) |
| % = | Divide then assign remainder | x %= y | remainder of operands then assign it to x. (It is same as x = x+%y ) |
Comparison Operators दी हुई दो values को compare करके (1 for true and 0 for false) value return करते हैं according to condition . C++ में Comparison Operators को कुछ इस तरह से use कर सकते हैं।
| Operator | Name | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal | x = = y | checks if x is equal to y. |
| != | Not equal | x !=y | checks if x is not equal to y. |
| < | Less than | x < y | checks if x is less than y. |
| > | Greater than | x > y | checks if x is greater than y. |
| <= | Less than or equal | x <= y | checks either x is less than or equal to y. |
| >= | Greater than or equal | x >= y | checks either x is greater than or equal to y. |
Incrementing/Decrementing Operators को किसी variable को 1 से increase या decrease करने के लिए use किया जाता है। हालाँकि इसमें Addition और Subtraction operation ही होते हैं , इसलिए इसमें ( ++ ) या ( -- ) sign ही use होते हैं। नीचे table में आप देख सकते हैं किसा तरह से इन्हे use करते हैं और क्या Output generate हैं।
| Operator | Name | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| ++a | Pre Increment | first increment by 1 then return the value of a |
| a++ | post Increment | first return the value of a then increment by 1. |
| --a | Pre Decrement | first decrement by 1 then return the value of a |
| a-- | Post Decrement | first return the value of a then decrement by 1. |
Logical Operators , एक या एक से अधिक expression के according Boolean value return करते हैं। जैसे -
| Operator | Name | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | And | x and y | Returns True if Both operands (x and y) are true; |
| or | Or | x or y | Returns True if either or y is true; |
| xor | Xor | x xor y | Returns True if either x or y is true but not both. |
| && | And | x && y | same as and,returns True if Both operands (x and y) are true; |
| ! | Not | !x | Returns True if x is not true; |
| || | Or | x || y | same as or , returns True if either x or y is true; |
